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In 2025, the judiciary has actively challenged several actions taken by President Donald Trump’s administration, particularly concerning the dismissal of federal employees and the implementation of specific policies. Notable instances include:
1. Mass Firings of Federal Employees
The Trump administration initiated widespread terminations of federal probationary employees as part of a government downsizing effort. U.S. District Judge William Alsup ruled that these firings violated federal law and ordered the reinstatement of approximately 16,000 affected workers across six agencies. The administration has appealed to the Supreme Court to halt this ruling, arguing that the judiciary is overstepping its authority by interfering with executive branch personnel decisions.
2. Dismissal of Independent Agency Officials
The administration’s authority to remove officials from independent agencies has faced legal challenges. Notably, attempts to dismiss members of the Merit Systems Protection Board and the Federal Labor Relations Authority have been contested in court, raising questions about the extent of presidential power over independent agencies. Reuters
3. Policy Implementation Challenges
Beyond personnel matters, courts have also intervened in various policy actions:
- Deportations: A federal judge temporarily halted the deportation of alleged Venezuelan gang members, demanding further justification from the administration.
- Access to Sensitive Information: Legal challenges have restricted the Department of Government Efficiency from accessing Social Security data due to privacy concerns. AP News
- Birthright Citizenship: Executive Order 14160, aiming to end birthright citizenship for certain groups, has been blocked by multiple federal judges who deemed it unconstitutional. Wikipedia
These instances underscore the judiciary’s role in reviewing and, when deemed necessary, restraining executive actions that may conflict with established laws or constitutional principles.
Recent Court Challenges to Trump Administration Actions

Judge reaffirms order blocking Trump from using wartime powers for deportations
TodayAP NewsJudge blocks DOGE from accessing sensitive information at US agenciesTodayThe GuardianTracking Trump – updates on the presidency’s first 100 daysToday
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