1 Joseph Schafer, The Wisconsin Lead Region (Madison, 1932), pp. 114-20.
2 Resolution of the Michigan House of Representatives printed in the New York Weekly Tribune, February 6, 1847.
3 Statutes at Large, Vol. IX, p. 37.
7 Congressional Globe, 31 Cong. I Sess., p. 1,843.
9 New York Weekly Tribune, February 9, 1843.
11 Cong. Globe, 31 Cong, i Sess., p. 1,841.
12 Statutes at Large, Vol. IX, p. 497.
13 Act of July 17, 1854, ibid.. Vol. X, p. 172.
14 Act of July 22, 1854, ibid., p. 308.
15 H. H. Bancroft, History of Oregon (The Works of Hubert Howe Bancroft, Vol. XXX, San Francisco, 1888), Vol. II, p. 272.
16 At the same time it was suggested that in all states where there remained less than one million acres of public lands these be ceded to the states in which they lay. This was actually a reappearance, though in somewhat modified form, of Benton's cession plan of the 'twenties and 'thirties. See "The Public Domain," The Emancipator, Vol. XIII (1848), p. i.
17 Mark R. Cockrill, "A Plan to Drain the Lower Mississippi Valley," De Row's Commercial Review, Vol. VIII (1850), pp. 282-4.
18 Act of September 28, 1850, Statutes at Large, Vol. IX, p. 519.
19 J. M. Peck, A New Guide for Emigrants to the West (Boston, 2nd Ed., 1837), p. 147.
20 February n, 1847, Statutes at Large, Vol. IX, pp. 123-7; September 28, 1850, ibid.. Vol. IX, p. 520; March 22, 1852, ibid.. Vol. X, p. 314; May 3, 1855, ibid., Vol. X, p. 701.
21 Treat, The National Land System, p. 258
22 Statutes at Large, Vol. IX, p. 118.
23 J. Perkins, "The Public Lands and the Land System of the United States," De Bow's Commercial Review, Vol; XVII (1854), pp. 151-2.
24 Statutes at Large, Vol. IX, p. 330.
25 Cong. Globe, 35 Cong. I Scss., p. 1,742.
26 ibid., 35 Cong. 2 Scss., pp. 1,412-13.
27 "Mr. Clay's Speech," NileS Weekly Register, Vol. XXVII (1825), pp. 357-61.
28 Calhoun's view is discussal in De Bow's Commercial Review, Vol. I (1846), p. 15.
29 As reported in the New York Weekly Tribune, July i, 1848.
30 The best and most comprehensive account of the Illinois Central Railroad is that of Paul Wallace Gates, The Illinois Central Railroad and Its Colonization Work, Harvard Economic Studies, XLII (Cambridge, 1934).
31 A. M. Sakolski, The Great American Land Bubble (New York, 1932), Chap. XIII, has some interesting material dealing with the land-jobbery behind the passage of this bill.
32 Cong. Globe, Appendix, 30 Cong, i Sess., p. 534.
34 A synopsis of its provisions follows:
Section 1. -- Granted rights of way through the public lands, 200 feet wide, with privilege of taking materials for construction: earth, stone, timber, etc.
Section 2. -- Granted alternate sections of land, twelve sections wide, the whole length of the road and its branches: one branch to Chicago, one to Salina on the Mississippi, and another to Michigan. In case the lands were occupied, an equivalent quantity could be selected elsewhere, however, not over fifteen miles from the road. The road was to be commenced simultaneously at both ends. The lands were to be sold as the work progressed. The grant did not include lands reserved in the Illinois Canal grant.
Section 3. -- The alternate sections reserved to the United States government were not to be sold for less than double the minimum price of public lands.
Section 4. -- The road was to remain a public highway for the use of the United States government, free from toll or other charges.
Section 5. -- If the road should not be completed in ten years, then the State of Illinois was to pay back to the United States government the proceeds of any land sold, and the remaining land should revert back to the United States.
Section 6. -- United States' troops were to be transported on the road at prices fixed by Congress.
Section 7. -- The same rights and equivalent lands conveyedi and granted to Illinois were to be likewise granted to Mississippi and Alabama to prolong the railroad through those states to Mobile on the Gulf (thus meeting the demands of those who favored the building of the Mobile and Ohio Railroad). Statutes at Large, Vol. IX, pp. 466-7.
35 "Debts and Finances of the States of the Union: Illinois," Hunt's Merchants Magazine, Vol. XXIII (1851), pp. 661-9.
36 Vol. XXIII (1850), pp. 655-6.
37 People's Journal quoted in ibid., Vol. XXV (1851), pp. 126-7.
38 "Mobile and Ohio Railroad," Vol. IV (1849), pp. 89-91.
39 Repealed by Act of August 4, 1854. Declared unconstitutional in the case of Rice v. Minnesota and Northwestern Railroad.
40 Annual Message of December 3, 1853, 33 Cong, I Sess., S. Doc. No. 1, p. 19.
41 See Statutes at Large for Acts of May 17, June 3, August 11, 1856 and March 3, 1857.
42 35 Cong. I Sess., S. Doc. No. I, p. 125.
43 ibid., 35 Cong. 2 Sess., S. Doc. No. 1, p. 76.
44 Daniel Webster to David A. Neale, March 12, 1852, printed in the New York Tribune, March 20, 1852.
46 "Pacific Railroad," Vol. IX (1850), p. 601.