List of Figures

• 1.1 Bern canton up to 1978 26
• 2.1 Federal, cantonal and local expenditure and revenue, 1950-85 51
• 2.2 Public expenditure and transfers, 1981 63
• 3.1 Deciding majorities as percentage of the total Swiss population in federal votations since 1945 92
• 3.2 The participation of qualified voters 94
• 3.3 Party affinities, 1980-90 115
• 3.4 The power-sharing legislative process 123
• 3.5 Citizens influence by election and votation in parliamentary and direct consensus democracy 133
• 4.1 Structure and process in federal and selected non-federal polities 157